![Metro Councilmembers Speak Up on Behalf of Exit/In [Updated]](https://bloximages.newyork1.vip.townnews.com/nashvillepost.com/content/tncms/assets/v3/editorial/b/03/b03ef85b-e590-584e-ad28-27c33a94d575/647f9e11eb598.image.png?resize=400%2C267)
![Metro Councilmembers Speak Up on Behalf of Exit/In [Updated]](https://bloximages.newyork1.vip.townnews.com/nashvillepost.com/content/tncms/assets/v3/editorial/b/03/b03ef85b-e590-584e-ad28-27c33a94d575/647f9e11eb598.image.png)
Metro Councilmember Jeff Syracuse speaks at Exit/In
Photo: Daniel MeigsTwenty-one candidates qualified to run for at-large seats on the Metro Council.
The campaign for at-large is unique. Because the top five vote-getters win, candidates typically remain positive, and surprising candidates can sneak into the winners’ circle.
kAmt2C=J G@E:?8 7@C |6EC@ r@F?4:= 2?5 >2J@C2= 6=64E:@?D DE2CED yF=J `c[ H:E9 t=64E:@? s2J 7@==@H:?8 pF8] b] p CF?@77[ :7 ?66565[ H@F=5 4@>6 :? $6AE6>36C]k^Am
kAm~FC =2E6DE "U2>Ajp H:E9 2? 2E\=2C86 42?5:52E6 762EFC6D y677 $JC24FD6[ E96 EH@\E6C> s:DEC:4E `d 4@F?4:=>6>36C H9@ 92D C6AC6D6?E65 E96 s@?6=D@? 2?5 ~ACJ |:==D 2C62 7@C 6:89E J62CD] $JC24FD6’D 52J ;@3 :D :? E96 >FD:4 :?5FDECJ 2E qC@2542DE |FD:4[ x?4]k^Am
kAm%9:D :?E6CG:6H 92D 366? 65:E65 7@C =6?8E9]k^Am
kAmW#625 @FC @E96C :?E6CG:6HD H:E9 42?5:52E6D k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6A@DE]4@>^A@=:E:4D^6=64E:@?D^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\2E\=2C86\B\2\3FC<=6J\2==6?^2CE:4=602ec`4362\7bed\``65\2hde\c3f4c_ae6bec]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmkDEC@?8mqFC<=6J p==6?k^DEC@?8mk^2m[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6A@DE]4@>^A@=:E:4D^6=64E:@?D^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\2E\=2C86\B\2\CFDD\AF==6J^2CE:4=607g46fb2g\7_72\``65\g32a\c7cg3hbh2h_h]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmkDEC@?8m#FDD !F==6Jk^DEC@?8mk^2m[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6A@DE]4@>^A@=:E:4D^6=64E:@?D^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\2E\=2C86\B\2\BF:?\6G2?D\D682==^2CE:4=60_bh4h5g4\7372\``65\2`b5\d72fa34b4fgd]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmkDEC@?8m"F:? tG2?D $682==k^DEC@?8mk^2m[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6A@DE]4@>^A@=:E:4D^6=64E:@?D^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\2E\=2C86\B\2\>2C4:2\>2DF==2^2CE:4=607`5c`h2_\_b5a\``66\3_d4\d7g3`5f24ge3]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmkDEC@?8m|2C4:2 |2DF==2k^DEC@?8mk^2m[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6A@DE]4@>^A@=:E:4D^6=64E:@?D^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\2E\=2C86\B\2\KF=72E\DF2C2^2CE:4=60c_2aacb2\_34g\``66\36cb\63ace6gc32b3]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmkDEC@?8m+F=72E $F2C2k^DEC@?8mk^2m[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6A@DE]4@>^A@=:E:4D^6=64E:@?D^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\2E\=2C86\B\2D\56=:D9:2\A@CE6C7:6=5^2CE:4=60f554adf6\_4fh\``66\3_5c\db6e42h`bbee]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmkDEC@?8ms6=:D9:2 !@CE6C7:6=5k^DEC@?8mk^2m[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6A@DE]4@>^A@=:E:4D^6=64E:@?D^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\2E\=2C86\B\2\;@?2E92?\H:==:2>D@?^2CE:4=606a`447b6\`_f2\``66\3a47\gb775f3c`72g]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmkDEC@?8my@?2E92? (:==:2>D@?k^DEC@?8mk^2m[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6A@DE]4@>^A@=:E:4D^6=64E:@?D^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\2E\=2C86\B\2\:?5C2?:\C2J^2CE:4=60d`fad424\`d6f\``66\gh5e\_b3fdaa46c7c]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmkDEC@?8mx?5C2?: #2Jk^DEC@?8mk^2m[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6A@DE]4@>^A@=:E:4D^6=64E:@?D^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\2E\=2C86\B\2\9@H2C5\;@?6D^2CE:4=605bcfffag\`e3a\``66\hhfb\73_`5g2`3c72]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmkDEC@?8mw@H2C5 y@?6Dk^DEC@?8mk^2m[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6A@DE]4@>^A@=:E:4D^6=64E:@?D^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\2E\=2C86\B\2\2C?@=5\92J6D^2CE:4=60e7eec6_4\`3ed\``66\h_ee\df4c74522552]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmkDEC@?8mpC?@=5 w2J6Dk^DEC@?8mk^2m[ k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6A@DE]4@>^A@=:E:4D^6=64E:@?D^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\2E\=2C86\B\2\49C:D\4C@7E@?^2CE:4=6057447fga\`76a\``66\gf2e\d7cc66a6b3hh]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmkDEC@?8mr9C:D rC@7E@?k^DEC@?8mk^2mkDEC@?8m[k^DEC@?8m k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6A@DE]4@>^A@=:E:4D^6=64E:@?D^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\2E\=2C86\B\2\49C:D\496?8^2CE:4=60f6f44_b2\a_53\``66\g62a\a7g6fg_a`7`h]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmkDEC@?8mr9C:D r96?8k^DEC@?8mk^2m 2?5 k2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6A@DE]4@>^A@=:E:4D^6=64E:@?D^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\2E\=2C86\B\2\@=:G:2\9:==^2CE:4=603444`_h2\a`h4\``66\3c5b\_7c7af562a5h]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmkDEC@?8m~=:G:2 w:==k^DEC@?8mk^2m]Xk^Am
k9C ^m
k9cmkDEC@?8m(96C6 5@ H6 DE2?5 @? kDA2? DEJ=6lQE6IE\564@C2E:@?i F?56C=:?6jQmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6D46?6]4@>^?6HD^A:E9:?E96H:?5^>6EC@\AC6DD6D\A2FD6\@?\C64J4=:?8\A:4<FA^2CE:4=60`f7h`g`c\4dg6\dah5\h_f4\423eaa`2b3g_]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<Qm#65 #:G6Ck^2mk^DA2?mn (92E 6=D6 5@6D |6EC@ ?665 E@ 5@nk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAm(6VG6 567:?:E6=J >256 4@?D:56C23=6 :>AC@G6>6?E] xE 2=>@DE 8@E E@ 2 A@:?E H96C6 :E D66>65 =:<6 #65 #:G6C H2D E@@ 3:8 E@ 72:=[ D@ E@ DA62<[ 2?5 E92E H2D A2CE @7 E96 AC@3=6>] x 42?VE D2J 6?@F89 E@ E96 92C5 H@C< E92E |6EC@ {682= 5:5 E@ DEC6?8E96? E96 4@?EC24E ,2?5. 2==@H 7@C >F=E:A=6 4@?EC24E@CD E@ DE6A :? E@ 5@ E96 H@C<] x 36=:6G6 E96 4@?EC24E 8@6D E9C@F89 E96 6?5 @7 a_ac[ D@ 2E E92E E:>6 H6 42? C62==J AFE :? E96 >@C6 4@>AC696?D:G6 4@?EC24E E92E C64@8?:K6D >F=E:A=6 42CC:6CD D@ H6 2C6?VE 56A6?56?E @? @?6 2?5 >2<6 DFC6 2?J 4@?EC24E@CVD 8@E E96 42A24:EJ E@ 8C@H H:E9 FD]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8m(9J 92D kDA2? DEJ=6lQE6IE\564@C2E:@?i F?56C=:?6jQmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6D46?6]4@>^?6HD^4@G6CDE@CJ^9@H\?2D9G:==6\D\:?56A6?56?E\>FD:4\G6?F6\64@DJDE6>\42?\4@>6\324<\DEC@?86C^2CE:4=60_f723fbg\6f6g\d5d6\hfad\a2dcab2dh244]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<QmAC6D6CG:?8 >FD:4 G6?F6Dk^2mk^DA2?m 364@>6 2 AC:@C:EJ 7@C J@Fnk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAm(6 ?665 2 962=E9J >FD:4 64@DJDE6> :? E9:D 4:EJ 2?5 24C@DD E9:D H9@=6 4@F?EJ] (6 2C6 D66:?8 E92E >FD:4:2?D 2?5 D@?8HC:E6CD 92G6 E2<6? 2 @?6\EH@ AF?49 @G6C E96 J62CD] (96? E96 H9@=6 5:8:E2= C6G@=FE:@? 3682? :? E96 =2E6 Vh_D[ 62C=J a___D[ H6 D2H E96 DE2C< 564=:?6 @7 E96 H@C<:?8 D@?8HC:E6C E@ 36 23=6 E@ >2<6 :E 3642FD6 @7 E96 C65F465 C@J2=E:6D] %96? @FC C2A:5 8C@HE9 2?5 56G6=@A>6?E :? E96 a_`_D @7 ?@E 36:?8 23=6 E@ 277@C5 E@ =:G6 96C6 2?J>@C6[ :?4C62D6 :? AC@A6CEJ G2=F6D DE6>>:?8 7C@> E92E C2A:5 8C@HE9 2?5 56G6=@A>6?E] *@FVG6 8@E :?4C62D65 4@CA@C2E:K2E:@? @7 >FD:4 G6?F6D] (6VG6 8@E E@ ?@E E2<6 @FCD6=G6D 7@C 8C2?E65 2?J>@C6 2?5 36 >@C6 AC@24E:G6]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8mqFE H9J 92G6 J@F A6CD@?2==J 364@>6 :?G6DE65 :? E9:Dn tI:E^x? H2D 2 3:8 @?6 2?5 E92EVD ?@E :? s:DEC:4E `d]k^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAmx 42>6 E@ E9:D 4:EJ E@ 7:?:D9 FA >J >FD:4 568C66 2E |%$& 2?5 86E :?E@ 2 42C66C DFAA@CE:?8 4C62E:G6D] xE :D 2 A:646 @7 >J @H? s}p @7 DFAA@CE:?8 4C62E:G6D 2?5 DFAA@CE:?8 >FD:4:2?D 2?5 >2<:?8 DFC6 E96JVG6 8@E 2== E96 E@@=D E96J ?665 E@ 36 DF446DD7F=] xVG6 D66? E96 492?86 @7 |FD:4 #@H[ t==:DE@? !=246[ y6776CD@? $EC66E 2 =@?8 E:>6 28@[ 6G6? ?@H 5@H?E@H?[ H96C6 H6 925 7F?4E:@?2= ?6:893@C9@@5D E92E DFAA@CE 4C62E:G6D] (6VC6 =@D:?8 E9@D6] *@FVG6 962C5 E96 BF:A E92E H6VC6 492?8:?8 |FD:4 #@H :?E@ r@?5@ #@H] (6==[ :EVD ECF6] ~FE @7 >J @77:46 H:?5@H[ xV> =@@<:?8 @FE 2E 2? `g\DE@CJ 2A2CE>6?E 3F:=5:?8 H96C6 x 4@F=5?VE AFE 7:G6 D@?8HC:E6CD :? E96 D>2==6DE @?6] xEVD 2? 6I2>A=6 @7 @FC 277@C523=6 9@FD:?8 4C:D:D 3FE DA64:7:4 E@ E9:D 4C:E:42= D64E@C @7 @FC 64@?@>J] (6VG6 8@E E@ 7@4FD @? :E] xEVD 2 A:646 @7 @FC s}p[ 2?5 46CE2:?=J 2 A:646 @7 >:?6]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8m%96 677@CE E@ kDA2? DEJ=6lQE6IE\564@C2E:@?i F?56C=:?6jQmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6D46?6]4@>^?6HD^A:E9:?E96H:?5^DJC24FD6\DEJ=6D\DA2C\@G6C\677@CED\E@\DFAA@CE\>FD:4\:?5FDECJ^2CE:4=603`be`df2\_f2`\``65\2_af\5b`4c_a`````]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<Qm4C62E6 E9:D >FD:4 4@>>:DD:@?k^2mk^DA2?m D66>65 E@ 36 H6:C5=J 4@?E6?E:@FD] (9J H2D E92En (2D E92E 2 >:DA6C46AE:@?nk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAm}@[ :E H2D?VE 2 >:DA6C46AE:@?] x 925 366? H@C<:?8 @? E9:D C62==J 6G6C D:?46 xVG6 366? 6=64E65] %96 |FD:4 r:EJ |FD:4 r@F?4:= 925 D@>6 8C62E DF446DD6D] tDA64:2==J 5FC:?8 E96 E:>6D @7 :?DE23:=:EJ :? E96 >2J@CVD @77:46[ H6 =62C?65 E92E E9:D H2D 2 AC@8C2> E92E[ F?=6DD :E H2D 2 DFDE2:?23=6 AC:@C:EJ @7 E96 >2J@CVD @77:46[ E96? :E H2D?VE 8@:?8 E@ 86E E96 2EE6?E:@? 2?5 C6D@FC46D E92E :E ?66565] *@F 42? 2=D@ D2J E92E E96 |FD:4 r:EJ |FD:4 r@F?4:=[ 2E @?6 A@:?E :E 3642>6 2 G69:4=6 7@C 5C:G:?8 E@FC:D> 2?5 E96 3C2?5 Q|FD:4 r:EJ[Q 2?5 :E H2D ?@E 7@4FD65 @? E96 4C:E:42= ?665D @7 DFAA@CE:?8 E96 4C62E:G6D] x H2D E2<:?8 2 3@EE@>\FA 2AAC@249 ECJ:?8 E@ 82E96C E9@D6 :? E96 :?5FDECJ E@ E2<6 2 92C5 =@@< 2E H92E H@C<65[ H92E 5:5?VE 2?5 E96? 9@H 42? H6 DFDE2:? :E 8@:?8 7@CH2C5] &=E:>2E6=J[ 2 4@FA=6 @E96C 4@==628F6D 925 D@>6 :562D[ =68:D=2E:@? H2D 7:=65 2 4@FA=6 5:776C6?E E:>6D[ 2?5 H92E 5:5 EC2?DA:C6 H2D x AFE E@86E96C 2 4@>AC@>:D6 E92E H2D 2446AE65 3J E96 =625 DA@?D@C] x 5:5?VE H2?E A6C764E E@ 36 E96 6?6>J @7 E96 8@@5] (6 92G6 E96 @AA@CEF?:EJ ?@H E@ D66< E96 4@>>:DD:@?6CD] %96 7:CDE 8@2= @7 E96 4@>>:DD:@?6CD :D 8@:?8 E@ 36 E@ HC:E6 2 ;@3 56D4C:AE:@? @7 E96 5:C64E@C E92E H:== D:E :? E96 >2J@CVD @77:46] }@ >2EE6C H9@VD >2J@C[ J@FVG6 8@E 2 DE23=6 4@??64E:@? E96C6] w@A67F==J H96? @FC ?6H >2J@C E2<6D 9:D @C 96C D62E[ H6V== 36 C625J H:E9 D62E65 4@>>:DD:@?6CD[ 2 ;@3 56D4C:AE:@? 2?5 >@G:?8 7@CH2C5 H:E9 9:C:?8 E96 7:CDE 5:C64E@C\=6G6= A@D:E:@? :? E96 >2J@CVD @77:46 2?5 >@G6 @? 7C@> E96C6]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8ms@6D :E E2<6 2H2J 7C@> :DDF6D E92E 2AA=J E@ 2 H:56C DH2E9 @7 E96 4:EJ E@ 7@4FD D@ >F49 @? 6?E6CE2:?>6?Enk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAmxEVD :>A@CE2?E E@ C64@8?:K6[ 7@C 6I2>A=6[ E92E 277@C523=6 9@FD:?8 :D 2 4C:D:D 24C@DD E96 3@2C5] ~3G:@FD=J :E :>A24ED E62496CD[ ?FCD6D[ >F?:4:A2= H@C<6CD[ @FC AF3=:4 D276EJ @77:4:2=D] xE 27764ED 6G6CJ3@5J 24C@DD E96 3@2C5] xE D9@F=5 23D@=FE6=J ?@E E2<6 2H2J 7C@> @FC 7@4FD 2D |6EC@ 8@G6C?>6?E 23@FE 2? 6BF:E23=6 D@=FE:@? 7@C 277@C523=6 9@FD:?8 2?5 DFAA@CE 7@C D>2== 3FD:?6DD] ~7 4@FCD6[ H6VC6 |FD:4 r:EJ] (6VG6 8@E E@ >2<6 DFC6 H6 AC@E64E @FC 3C2?5[ @FC :56?E:EJ[ @FC 4F=EFC6] x 962C J@F] xE 5@6D?VE 92G6 E@ E2<6 2H2J 7C@> 2?J @E96C 677@CE DFAA@CE:?8 2?J3@5J 6=D6 H9@ ?665D 277@C523=6 9@FD:?8] qFE E96 :?5FDECJ 5@6D ?665 E@ DE6A FA 2?5 DFAA@CE FD H:E9 DA64:7:4 D@=FE:@?D[ DF49 2D #J>2? {@7ED]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8mpC6 J@F DFAA@CE:?8 2?J@?6 7@C >2J@Cn (92E 5@ J@F H2?E E@ D66 7C@> E96 A6CD@? H9@ H:?Dnk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAmxV> ?@E 6?5@CD:?8 2?J3@5J 7@C >2J@C] }@ >2EE6C H9@ :D 6=64E65 xV> 8@:?8 E@ ECJ G6CJ 92C5 E@ H@C< H6== H:E9 H9@>6G6C :E :D] x 5@?VE H2?E A@=:E:4D E@ 86E :?G@=G65 :? E92E] x 5@?VE E9:?< :EVD 2AAC@AC:2E6 7@C >6 E@ 6?5@CD6] xV> =@@<:?8 7@C 2 >2J@C E92EVD 8@E D@>6 =6G6= @7 :?DE:EFE:@?2= <?@H=6586 23@FE H96C6 H6VG6 366?] xV> 2=D@ =@@<:?8 7@C D@>63@5J H9@VD 8@E D@>6 =6G6= @7 6IA6C:6?46 H:E9 F?56CDE2?5:?8 E96 492?8:?8 7246 @7 @FC ?6:893@C9@@5D 2?5 92D D@>6 6IA6C:6?46 36:?8 23=6 E@ =625 2?5 DFAA@CE ?6:893@C9@@5D] x? J62CD A2DE[ J@FVG6 D66? ?6:893@C9@@5D A@=:E:4:K65 7@C 82:? 2D @AA@D65 E@ C62==J F?56CDE2?5:?8 9@H E@ 3F:=5 DEC@?8 4@>>F?:E:6D 7C@> E96 3@EE@> FA] (6 92G6 2== D@CED @7 5:776C6?E <:?5D @7 4@>>F?:E:6D 2?5 ?6:893@C9@@5D 24C@DD E96 4@F?EJ[ 2?5 x H@F=5 =:<6 E@ D66 2 >2J@C H9@ AFED DEC@?8 C6D@FC46D :?E@ DFAA@CE:?8 E96 8@@5 32=2?46 @7 8C@HE9 2?5 AC6D6CG2E:@? @7 @FC ?6:893@C9@@5D 2?5 4@>>F?:E:6D 2D E96J 492?86]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8m(:E9 D@ 76H 32CD 2==@H:?8 D>@<:?8 :?5@@CD[ H9J 5:5 J@F E9:?< kDA2? DEJ=6lQE6IE\564@C2E:@?i F?56C=:?6jQmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6D46?6]4@>^?6HD^A:E9:?E96H:?5^>6EC@\4@F?4:=\5632E6D\AC@A@D65\D>@<:?8\32?\:?\32CD^2CE:4=6075ab5a_6\bh`f\``65\g7_3\e3cccabc5d6_]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<Qm2 32?k^2mk^DA2?m H2D DF49 2? :>A@CE2?E E9:?8 E@ AFCDF6nk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAmxE D6ED DEC@?8 A@=:4J E@H2C5D 6?DFC:?8 E96 962=E9 @7 @FC >FD:4:2?D 2?5 9@DA:E2=:EJ H@C<6CD] %96C6 :D?VE 2 ?665 7@C :E 2?J>@C6] %96 52E2 :D 4CJDE2=\4=62C E92E H96? J@F C6>@G6 D>@<:?8 7C@> :?D:56 J@FC 3FD:?6DD[ J@FC C6G6?F6D H:== 8@ FA] (:E9 ;FDE 2 =:EE=6 3:E @7 4C62E:G6 >2C<6E:?8[ J@FVC6 8@:?8 E@ 2EEC24E A6@A=6 E92E @E96CH:D6 H@F=5 ?@E 4@>6 E@ J@FC 6DE23=:D9>6?E] x 6G6? 82G6 :E 2 D:I\>@?E9 8C246 A6C:@5 :? @C56C 7@C E92E 3FD:?6DD E@ 7:8FC6 @FE :7 E96J ?66565 E@ 255 2 =:EE=6 @G6C92?8 D@ E92E D@>63@5J 4@F=5 DE6A @FED:56 D276=J] x 92G6?VE 962C5 @7 2?J :DDF6D H:E9 :E E9FD 72C] (6VG6 8@E E@ 5@ 6G6CJE9:?8 H6 42? E@ AC@E64E E96 H@C<:?8 6?G:C@?>6?E @7 @FC >FD:4:2?D 2?5 9@DA:E2=:EJ H@C<6CD] %96J 2C6 2 9F86 A:646 @7 @FC 64@?@>J] %96 36?67:ED 72C @FEH6:89 E96 D>2== :?4@?G6?:6?46 7@C D>@<6CD E@ DE6A @FED:56 7@C 2 >@>6?E]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8m$9@F=5 E96 4:EJ 92G6 2?@E96C EC2?D:E C676C6?5F>nk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAmp3D@=FE6=J]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8m(96?[ 2?5 H92E D9@F=5 :E :?4=F56nk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAm(6VG6 8@E E@ =62C? 7C@> E96 A2DE] p=>@DE f_ A6C46?E @7 E96 4@F?EJ D2:5 ?@ E@ E96 =2DE C676C6?5F>] xE H2D 32D:42==J E9@D6 :? E96 4:EJ D2:5 J6D[ E9@D6 @FED:56 @7 E96 :??6C\=@@A 32D:42==J D2:5 ?@] (6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 92G6 E@ D9@H 9@H 2 C68:@?2= EC2?D:E A=2? H:== 36 D42=23=6[ 9@H :E H:== :>A24E J@F :7 J@F =:G6 @FE :? E96 4@F?EJ] xE 92D E@ 36 2 4@96D:G6 A=2?] xE 92D E@ 36 2 =:EE=6 >@C6 DA64:7:4] (6 92G6 E@ D9@H H92E EC2?D:E :D 8@:?8 E@ 36 @? J@FC A:<6[ 2?5 E96? 9@H E96 4C@DD 4@??64E:@?D 2C6 8@:?8 E@ H@C<] x 9@A6 H6 42? E2A :?E@ @FC C68:@?2= A2CE?6CD 2 =:EE=6 >@C6 E92? E96J 8:G:?8 FD 2 E9F>3D FA E92E E96J H2?E s2G:5D@? r@F?EJ E@ A2DD 2 C676C6?5F>] x H@F=5 =:<6 E@ D66 2 >F=E:\4@F?EJ 2AAC@249 E@ >F=E:A=6 C676C6?5F>D D@ H6 42? =@@< 2E 3F:=5:?8 @FE E92E C68:@?2= ?6EH@C<] u@C @?6 6I2>A=6[ :7 H6 42? 92G6 2 C676C6?5F> E92E 3@E9 s2G:5D@? 2?5 (:=D@? 4@F?E:6D 4@F=5 E2<6 A2CE :?[ H6 4@F=5 :>>65:2E6=J 368:? E@ H@C< @? E96 (6v@ $E2C 2D 36:?8 2 C62= C68:@?2= EC2?D:E D@=FE:@?] x ?6G6C H2?E E@ =62G6 E96 EC2?D:E 5:D4FDD:@? H:E9@FE 6?DFC:?8 E92E H6 E2=< 23@FE 277@C523=6 9@FD:?8] (6 42?VE E2=< 23@FE @?6 H:E9@FE E96 @E96C] %96J 2C6 :?EC:?D:42==J =:?<65] %96 H@C< xVG6 5@?6 2C@F?5 s@?6=D@? $E2E:@? E@ ECJ E@ 7:?5 E92E 49:4<6?\2?5\E96\688 D46?2C:@] xD :E AC:G2E6 56G6=@A>6?E 7:CDE[ @C :D :E AF3=:4 :?G6DE>6?E 7:CDEn *@F 92G6 E@ 5@ 3@E9] *@F 92G6 E@ 36 23=6 E@ D9@H E92E >62?:?87F= 8C@HE9 42? 92AA6? 2C@F?5 2 EC2?D:E 9F3 E92E DFAA@CED E96 :?G6DE>6?E AF3=:4=J 7@C E92E EC2?D:E =:?6] xE 5@6D E2<6 E92E 7@4FD65 56?D:EJ 2C@F?5 E96 EC2?D:E =:?6[ 2?5 :EVD 8@E E@ 36 277@C523=6] (6VG6 8@E E@ C6EFC? E@ 7:8FC:?8 @FE 9@H H6VC6 8@:?8 E@ FE:=:K6 E92E EC2?D:E\@C:6?E65 C656G6=@A>6?E 5:DEC:4E E92E xVG6 EC:65 E@ A2DD :? >J 7:CDE E6C>]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8m(92E’D 8@:?8 @? H:E9 E96 (6v@ $E2Cn (9J 5@6D :E D@>6E:>6D 766= =:<6 :E’D ?@E 2 AC:@C:EJ :? E96 4:EJ’D EC2?D:E 677@CEDnk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAm%96C6 :D 2 DEF5J 8@:?8 7@CH2C5 23@FE H96C6 @E96C DE@AD :? s2G:5D@? r@F?EJ 4@F=5 36] x E9:?< 23@FE E96 sC:7EH@@5 2C62 ;FDE @FED:56 @7 5@H?E@H? E92E :D A@:D65 E@ C62==J 56G6=@A[ 2?5 E96 $E2C =:?6 8@6D DEC2:89E E9C@F89 E96C6] x7 H6 2C6 ?@E 56G6=@A:?8 H:E9 EC2?D:E :?7C2DECF4EFC6 2E E96 7@C67C@?E E96? H6 2C6 =@D:?8 2 C62= @AA@CEF?:EJ] q6EH66? E96 DE2E6 2?5 |6EC@[ H6 DF3D:5:K6 E96 (6v@ $E2C E@ CF? 5FC:?8 E96 H66< 2D 2 4@>>FE6C EC2:?] (6 42?VE CF? :E >@C6 E92? E92E] ~FED:56 @7 E92E[ DA64:2= 6G6?ED 42? 92AA6? H:E9 E92E Se[___ DA@?D@CD9:A] u@C E96 %2J=@C $H:7E 4@?46CED[ :E H@F=5 92G6 366? 2 G6CJ D>2== :>A24E E@ E96 f_[___ 2 ?:89E E92E H2D 92AA6?:?8 E96C6[ 3FE :EVD ?@E E@ D2J E92E H6 D9@F=5?VE 5@ :E] xVG6 8@E D@>6 >66E:?8D 4@>:?8 FA E@ =@@< 2E E96 %2J=@C $H:7E 4@?46CEDi (9J H2D :E ?@E AC@24E:G6=J AFD965 H:E9 E96 4@?46CE AC@>@E6CDn pE 6G6CJ D:?8=6 @AA@CEF?:EJ[ H6VG6 8@E E@ D9@H E92E E96 $E2C 42? CF?[ 6G6? :7 :EVD 2 D>2== :>A24E E@ E96 E@E2= ?F>36C @7 G:D:E@CD[ :EVD DE:== >62?:?87F=] xV> 8C2E67F= r|p u6DE :D 8@:?8 E@ 36 CF??:?8 E96 EC2:?] (6 ?665 E@ 5@ >@C6 @7 E92E] %96 @AA@CEF?:E:6D 2C6 E96C6] %96 :?G6DE>6?E :D ?@>:?2=]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8ms@ J@F 766= 8@@5 23@FE 9@H E96 kDA2? DEJ=6lQE6IE\564@C2E:@?i F?56C=:?6jQmk2 9C67lQ9EEADi^^HHH]?2D9G:==6D46?6]4@>^?6HD^4:EJ=:>:ED^=:46?D6\A=2E6\C6256CD\2C6\=:G6^2CE:4=60a`75cff4\3fg_\``65\3de2\`b2h56gfgahf]9E>=Q E2C86ElQ03=2?<Qm{!# A:=@Ek^2mk^DA2?m :D 8@:?8n (92E 2C6 J@F =@@<:?8 7@C 7C@> E96 C6DF=ED @7 E92Enk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAmxV> :>AC6DD65 E92E H6 92G6 2 52D93@2C5 E92E E96 AF3=:4 42? =@@< 2E 52:=J 23@FE E96 52E2 E92E H6 2C6 86EE:?8 7C@> E96 A:=@E AC@8C2>] xV> G6CJ D6?D:E:G6 23@FE E96 4@?46C? 23@FE E96 >:DFD6 @7 E96 52E2[ 6DA64:2==J E@ E2C86E D@>6 F?56C\C6AC6D6?E65 4@>>F?:E:6D] %9:D A:=@E AC@8C2> :D 8@:?8 E@ 9@A67F==J D9@H 677:424J[ E92E H6 2C6 @?=J FD:?8 E96 52E2 7@C :ED :?E6?565 AFCA@D6] x7 E92EVD E96 42D6[ :E 4@F=5 36 2 8@@5[ C68F=2C FD6 E@ 4FC3 D@>6 4C:>6D[ DE@=6? 42CD] %92EVD H9J H6VC6 5@:?8 E96 A:=@E AC@8C2>] %92EVD H9J H6 DA6?E EH@ J62CD 6?DFC:?8 DEC@?8 AC@E64E:@?D @7 AF3=:4 52E2]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8mw@H 5:5 J@F 2CC:G6 2E J@FC A@D:E:@? @? E96 %:E2?D DE25:F> 562=n w@H H:== J@F 92?5=6 7FEFC6 56=:36C2E:@?D 23@FE 56G6=@A>6?E @? E96 t2DE q2?< 42>AFDnk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAm*@F 925 EH@ @AE:@?D] *@F 925 2? 6I:DE:?8 DE25:F> E92E H2D A@@C=J 4@?DECF4E65[ E92E 925 2? :?4C65:3=6 2>@F?E @7 5676CC65 >2:?E6?2?46 E92E H6 H6C6 ?@H 8@:?8 E@ 92G6 E@ 6?4F>36C @FC 42A:E2= DA6?5:?8 A=2?D E92E H6 FD6 E@ 7F?5 4C:E:42= ?665D @7 D49@@=D[ D:56H2=<D[ 277@C523=6 9@FD:?8 2?5 E96 =:DE 8@6D @?] %96 @E96C @AE:@? H2D E@ FD6 A6C7@C>:?8 563E[ H9:49 :D 2 C6G6?F6 3@?5 E92E 5@6D ?@E :>A24E @FC 4C65:E C2E:?8[ 2?5 @?=J FE:=:K6D ?6H C6G6?F6D E@ 36 23=6 E@ DFAA@CE @FC A:646 @7 E96 563E E@ A2J 7@C E96 ?6H DE25:F>[ H9:49 :D 2 =@?8\E6C> C6G6?F6\86?6C2E:?8 2DD6E E92E H6 H:== @H?] ~FC E6?2?ED 2C6 E96 %:E2?D 2?5 E96 @E96C =2C86 6G6?ED[ 2?5 E9@D6 H9@ FD6 :E H:== 36 E96 @?6D E@ 96=A A2J 7@C :E] %96 @AE:@? @7 AFEE:?8 @FC 86?6C2= @3=:82E:@? 563E[ H9:49 :D F=E:>2E6=J E96 |6EC@ 4C65:E 42C5[ :?E@ 2 A@@C=J 3F:=E DE25:F>[ H2D ?@E E96 36DE @AE:@? 7@C }2D9G:==6 E2IA2J6CD] (96? x 4@>A2C65 E96 EH@[ H96? x =@@<65 2E 6G6? E96 >:?:>2= 2>@F?E @7 563E E92E H6 H@F=5 92G6 925 E@ AFE :?E@ E96 6I:DE:?8 DE25:F>[ G6CDFD E96 2>@F?E @7 563E G:2 2 C6G6?F6 3@?5[ 2 >@C6 A6C7@C>:?8 563E E@@=[ E96 @AE:@?D H6C6 4=62C E@ >6] (6 2C6 8@:?8 E@ 92G6 2 >F49 36EE6C C6G6?F6\86?6C2E:?8 2DD6E 7@C E96 4:EJ =@?8\E6C> E92E H6 H@F=5?VE 92G6 366? 23=6 E@ 249:6G6 3J AFEE:?8 86?6C2= @3=:82E:@? 563E :?E@ 2? @=56C DE25:F>] (92E x =:<6 23@FE E96 ?6H DE25:F> @AE:@? :D :E H2D?VE ;FDE 32D65 @? 2 DE25:F>] xE H2D 32D65 @? 2 C62==J E9@F89E7F= t2DE q2?< A=2? E92E AFED }2D9G:==6 C6D:56?ED 7:CDE]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8m*@F >6?E:@?65 AFEE:?8 C6D:56?ED 7:CDE H:E9 E96 t2DE q2?< A=2?] (92E 6I24E=J 5@ J@F >62? 3J E92Enk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAmxEVD 3@E9 23@FE E96 86?6C2= @3=:82E:@? 563E E92E E2<6D :E @77 E96 }2D9G:==6\s2G:5D@? r@F?EJ AC@A6CEJ E2IA2J6CD[ 2?5 :E 2=D@ =@@<D 2E E96 @AA@CEF?:EJ E92E H6 92G6 E@ C642AEFC6 2== @7 E9@D6 A2C<:?8 =@ED E92E 2C6?VE D6CG:?8 FD 2E 2==] (:E9 E9:D 4@?G6CD:@? 7C@> 2 DF3FC32? DE25:F> E@ 2? FC32? DE25:F>[ H6 42? 3F:=5 2? t2DE q2?< E92E 5@6D :?4=F56 277@C523=6 9@FD:?8 2D A2CE @7 :E]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8mxD E96C6 2 H2J 7@C 4@F?4:= E@ 36 >@C6 :?G@=G65 :? ?68@E:2E:@?D @7 E9:D >28?:EF56 62C=:6C :? E96 AC@46DDn *@F D2:5 E96C6 H6C6 EH@ @AE:@?D[ 3FE E96 >2J@C AC6DF>23=J 925 >2?J >@C6 E92? EH@ @AE:@?D]k^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAm&=E:>2E6=J[ J@F 6:E96C 92G6 E@ :?G6DE :? J@FC 4FCC6?E DE25:F> @C J@F 92G6 2 ?6H DE25:F>] %9@D6 2C6 E96 EH@ 7F?52>6?E2= @AE:@?D] %92E :D 2? 6I46==6?E A@:?E 23@FE 86EE:?8 4@F?4:= >@C6 6?82865 :? ?68@E:2E:@?D] %92E :D 2 564:D:@? @7 E96 >2J@C[ H96E96C @C ?@E 96 @C D96 H2?ED E@ AF== :? D@>6 4@F?4:=>6>36CD[ E96 G:46 >2J@C[ 2?5 36 A2CE @7 ?68@E:2E:@?D @? E96 7C@?E 6?5] (@F=5 E92E 36 2 8@@5 :562n $FC6[ 23D@=FE6=J] xE H@F=5 96=A E@ 3C:?8 @FE D@>6 7F?52>6?E2= BF6DE:@?D 367@C6 2?J 7@C>2= AC@46DD DE2CED] x =:<6 E96 3@EE@>\FA 2AAC@249 23@FE 6?828:?8 4@>>F?:EJ 7:CDE[ 92G:?8 5:D4FDD:@?D[ >2<:?8 DFC6 6G6CJ3@5J :D DA62<:?8 H:E9 @?6 ECFE9 2?5 E96 724ED 2?5 E96? >@G6 @? 7C@> E96C6] (@F=5 :E 36 25G2?E286@FD E@ 3C:?8 :? 6=64E65D @C 4@>>F?:EJ =6256CD @? E96 7@C67C@?E 7@C =2C86 AC@;64ED =:<6 E9:D … x 5@ E9:?< E96C6 H@F=5 36 2 =@E @7 G2=F6 E92E H@F=5 A2J @77 :? 5:G:56?5D 2D E96 7@C>2= AC@46DD DE2CED]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8mxD E96C6 2 C@=6 7@C |6EC@ E@ A=2J :? DFAA@CE:?8 @C DF3D:5:K:?8 49:=5 42C6nk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAmp3D@=FE6=J] r9:=5 42C6 @AE:@?D 92D 364@>6 2=>@DE 2 4C:D:D :? E9:D 4:EJ] x <?@H @7 7C:6?5D 2?5 ?6:893@CD H9@ 92G6 D:8?65 FA E96:C 49:=5 7@C 49:=5 42C6 E96 52J E96J H6C6 3@C? 2?5 2C6 DE:== @? 2 H2:E:?8 =:DE] %96 4@DE @7 E9:D :D 2 4C:E:42= :DDF6 2D H6==] (6 ?665 E@ 7:?5 H2JD E@ FE:=:K6 |6EC@ C6D@FC46D E@ >2<6 46CE2:? :?46?E:G6D 2G2:=23=6 D@ E92E 2D 56G6=@A>6?E 92AA6?D H6 2C6 AFEE:?8 E96 C:89E <:?5 @7 :?G6DE>6?ED 2D A2CE @7 E96D6 56G6=@A>6?ED] (6 ?665 E@ 7:8FC6 @FE 9@H H6 FD6 E2I\:?4C6>6?E 7:?2?4:?8 7@C |2:? $EC66E ?@E 7@C (2== $EC66E[ 2?5 E9:D :D 2 A6C764E 6I2>A=6] x7 H6 42? 7:?5 2 H2J E@ :?46?E:G:K6 2 56G6=@A6C E@ AFE 2 4C:E:42= 2DD6E =:<6 49:=5 42C6 2D A2CE @7 E96:C 56G6=@A>6?E[ E96? H6 23D@=FE6=J ?665 E@ 7:8FC6 @FE H2JD E@ 5@ E92E]k^Am
k9cmkDEC@?8ms@ J@F E9:?< E96 4:EJ 92D 366? DF446DD7F= :? :ED 677@CED E@ 4=62C 42>AD 2?5 86E A6@A=6 :? 9@FD:?8n w@H D9@F=5 E92E 36 :>AC@G65 @C 492?865nk^DEC@?8mk^9cm
kAm%9:D :D 2 AC@3=6> E92E 5:5 ?@E A@A FA @G6C?:89E[ 2?5 H6VC6 ?@E 8@:?8 E@ 7:I :E @G6C?:89E] x H2D C:5:?8 >J 3:<6 E9C@F89 E@H? J6DE6C52J 2?5 x D2H E96 AC@8C6DD @7 @FC 7:CDE h_\F?:E EC2?D:E:@?2= 9@FD:?8 56G6=@A>6?E[ H9:49 D66>D @G6C 92=7H2J 4@>A=6E6] %92E :D 9@A67F==J E96 7:CDE @7 C@3FDE :?G6DE>6?E E@H2C5D 255C6DD:?8 E96 9@>6=6DD?6DD :DDF6] (6 46CE2:?=J 92G6 925 DEF>3=:?8 3=@4<D] (6 92G6 925 2 =@E @7 =62C?65 6IA6C:6?46 7C@> 9F>2?6=J 255C6DD:?8 @FC 6?42>A>6?ED E92E H6 <?@H 42??@E 36 E96C6 A6C>2?6?E=J[ 3FE H6VG6 8@E E@ E2<6 42C6 @7 A6@A=6 7:CDE] *@FVC6 ?@H 7:?2==J DE2CE:?8 E@ D66 E92E H6VC6 A:4<:?8 FA E96 A246 @7 86EE:?8 E96 C:89E C6D@FC46D :? E96C6[ 3642FD6 H6VG6 :?G6DE65 :? E96 C6D@FC46D 2?5 E96 A6@A=6 E@ 5@ :E] (6 2C6 7:?2==J DE2CE:?8 E@ D66 E96 7CF:ED @7 @FC =23@C] (6VG6 8@E E96 C:89E A6@A=6 :? A=246] (6 92G6 ?@H EC2?D:E:@?65 7C@> 2 5:G:D:@? E@ 2? 24EF2= @77:46 @7 9@>6=6DD?6DD] %92E H:== 2==@H FD E@ 36 4@>A6E:E:G6 7@C 7656C2= 8C2?E 7F?5:?8[ D@ H6VC6 ?@E 8@:?8 E@ 36 :? E9:D 2=@?6] (6VG6 46CE2:?=J E2<6? D@>6 >:DDE6AD[ =62C?65 7C@> @FC >:DE2<6D[ 3FE x 5@ 766= H6 2C6 @? E96 C:89E A2E9 7:?2==J E@ 36:?8 23=6 E@ 255C6DD E92E] x <?@H ?6:893@CD H2?E 42>AD 4=62?65 @FE :>>65:2E6=J] %96J H6C6?VE 7@C>65 @G6C?:89E] (6 42?VE D@=G6 E96> @G6C?:89E] qFE x D92C6 E96 7CFDEC2E:@?] (6VG6 8@E E@ 5@ :E C:89E] xEVD ;FDE 8@:?8 E@ E2<6 E:>6]k^Am
